The adaptive component layer:
The fourth layer describes all the practical fixes that
are required in order to create a workable radio.
One by one the various problems are studied and solutions
are proposed, implemented, and tested. These include fixes
for additive noise, for timing offset problems, for clock
frequency mismatches and jitter, and for multipath reflections.
Again, the order in which topics are discussed is
the order in which they appear in the receiver.